Churn



(No Model.)

A; H. CO'NKLING.

GHURN.

Patented Nov. 2 2, 1881.

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WH'NESSES' i/M LM N Pincus Pmwun n m Washingkm. uc.

UNITED STATE PATENT QrFrcE.

ALONZO H. CONKLING, OF VALLEJO, CALIFORNIA.

CHURN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 249,901, dated November22, 1881.

Application filed July 9, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ALoNzo H.00NKLING, ofVallejo, Solano county, State of California, have invented a new andImproved-Churn, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide an arrangement of machinery andparts of a rotary churn by which it may be operated with more or lesspower as it may be available, and

with or Without dashers, and at a slow or fast speed, and by one or twooperators at either or both ends of the churn, as desired, therebymaking the churn more convenient and serviceable than similar churns nothaving like arrangements of parts and machinery.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal sectionalelevation. Fig. 2 is an end view.

In both figures likeletters refer to like parts.

A is a box of square transverse section, as long as suitable. This boxis supported on flanged trunnions B B, fastened with screws exactly inthe center of the exterior of the opposing heads of the box. Thesetrunnions rest in bearings 0 O, which are fastened on top of twowooden'frames, D D. The trunions have journals turned upon them a trifleless in diameter than the remainder of the stem, so as to leave ashoulder at each end of the bearing to prevent end-play. The trunnion Bhas a round hole through it, through which the dasher-shaft E passes.The trunnion B" supports the other end of the dasher-shaft, the shaftentering about an inch into the trunnion. The trunnion B hasa square endprojecting through the bearing 0 to receive the crank-handle F.

The crank-handle F is similarly attached to the end of the dasher-shaftwhich projects through the trunnion B. The dasher-shat't is squarebetween the heads of the box and on one end to receive the crank, but isround where it passes through the trunnion B and where itentersintothetrunnion B; also where the gear-wheel G fits upon it.

To prevent the dasher-shaft E from moving endwise, I out an annulargroove in it, which receives the point of the set-screw H, which screwsthrough the trunnion B just outside the bearing 0.

The dashers I l are separate. Each set is formed of four square wooden.bars, each an inch less in length than half the distance between theheads of the box. The'ends of these bars are secured in radiating woodenarms which have square holes in their centers to fit on the shaft E. Toavoid wear of the shaft in these holes I provideiron washers J J ,madesecure to the arms and fitting snugly on the shaft E.

The bevel-gear wheel Gis secured on the shaft E with aset-screw, K, sothat it may be easily loosened and thrown out of gear when desired. Thegear-wheel G may have, say, fifty teeth. On the head of the box A thereis secured the bevel-gear wheel L, say with one hundred teeth.

M is a short counter-shaft, supported in a bracket-bearing, N,bolted toone leg of the frame D. On one end of this counter-shaft there is abevel-pinion, O, of, say, twenty-five teeth, engaging with the wheel G,and on the other end there is a pinion, P, also having twenty-fiveteeth, which engages with the wheel L.

The pinion mly be secured to its shaft by a set-screw, so as to be setloose and slipped back when it is desired to disconnect the gearing andthrow them entirely outofaction. The same effect may be produced byloosening the set-screw' in the hub of the gear-wheel G and slippingthat wheel back; but if the noise of the running gears is to be.entirely stopped, both the wheel G and pinion P must be thrown out ofgear. The frame D D has handles cl d.

Thebox A has an ordinary cover, Q, with beveled edges. It must be largeenough to pass the dashers in and out. It is held firmly in place by aset-screw passed through the center of a cross-bar, R, inserted instaples made fast to the box just beyond the edge of the opening. Thereshould be a vent-hole, S, in the box, so that when necessary the churnmay be momentarily stopped to give ventage, as is commonly practiced insuch churns.

T is the discharging-hole for the buttermilk after the churning iscompleted and the butter is taken out.

The operation of my churn is as follows: The box being cleaned and thedashers put in place, the crank-handles F F are put on and the gears Gand and L and P engaged with each other. The churn is then filled withmilk or cream. Now, if the handle F be revolved, say, fifty times aminute, the dashers will move fifty turns too, and the box twenty-fiverevolutions in a reverse direction. To attain this speed, however, witha large churn, there will be needed two operators, and by my arrangementone may be located at one end and one at the other. The operator on thedashcr-shal't would have the least labor and the other op erator perhapstwice as much if each operated separately and independently; but with mycombination of gears the power applied is equally distributed from eachcrank, both to the dashers and the box A, so that the efforts of theoperators are equalized as if both turned but one and the same crank, orboth cranks were upon one and the same shaft.

When it is desired to churn without the dashers, they may be taken outentirely, or, if the pinion P be loosened and slipped back, the boxalone may be revolved byturning the crankhandleF. Also, if it is desiredto revolve the dashers without revolving the box, the setscrew of thegear-wheel Gamay be loosened and the wheel slipped back out of gear. Thecrank F will then revolve the dashers alone without moving any of thegear-wheels.

The churn may be operated with good effect, first, with dashers and boxboth revolved by one operator alone, at either end; second, with dashersand box both revolved bytwooperators, one at each end; third, with boxrevolved alone, the dashers being withdrawn, with one or two operators,with the gears thrown in or out; fourth, with dashers revolved alone byone operator; fifth, with gears thrown out and box and dashers revolvedby two operators at varying speeds. These difl'ering modes of operatinghave the advantage of making the churn suitable for operating with milkor cream, and with more or less power, as it may be at hand. The morepower applied the quicker the work is done, and vice versa.

What I claim as myinvention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isas follows:

1. In a rotary churn, the combination of box A, shaft E, cranks F F,dashers I I, pinions O P G, shaft M, gear L, and set-screw K, as setforth.

2. A churn-body provided with dashers, in combination with cranks atboth ends, and means whereby churn body and dashers can be revolved inopposite directions by one or both cranks, and disconnecting means whichpermit the dashers to rotate while the churnbody' remains stationary oris revolved by the opposite crank.

ALONZO H. OONKLING.

Witnesses:

HUBBARD H. SNow, GEO. W. Downs.

